Cave Exploration

Malaysia has some of the biggest and longest caves in the world, some caves are archaeological sites, others are beautiful with stalagmites and stalactites, and maybe underground rivers. Some caves are home to a wide variety of cave fauna such as bats, swiftlets, snakes, and invertebrates. These include insects, spiders, beetles, cockroaches, centipedes and millipedes. Amongst the most famous caves in the world are the caves in Gunung Mulu National Park, Sarawak, which was inscribed as a World Heritage site in 2001. More than 325 km of cave passage has been mapped in Mulu. Some of the caves there are world record holders, such as Gua Nasib Bagus, which houses the world's largest chamber, Sarawak Chamber. Clearwater Cave is the 8th longest in the world, at 177 km (Mar 2009). Deer Cave is one of the world's largest cave passages. Niah Caves, also in Sarawak, is a famous archaeological site. A 40,000 year old human skull was found there and rock paintings have been dated at 1200 years old. Near Kuching, the Bau caves are worthy of a visit.

Gomantong Caves in Sabah are reknown for their birds' nest industry. There are many other caves scattered across Sabah such as Madai and Baturong.

In Peninsular Malaysia caves can be found in all states north of Kuala Lumpur. The tropical karst towers occur as steep isolated hills rising from the valley floors. The Batu Caves near KL are a famous tourist destination and site of the annual Thaipusam festival. The nearby Dark Cave is one of the longest caves in the peninsula, and is home to a wide range of cave fauna. Perak has many cave temples as well as Gua Tempurung which is open to the public and is equipped with electric lighting and walkways. It has a fine river passage and some enormous chambers. There are many wild caves which can be visited by people equipped for caving. The Lenggong Valley is an important archaeological site, where Perak Man, an 11,000 year old skeleton was found. Perlis has some interesting river caves, some of which have been mined for tin. Gua Kelam 2 is one of the Peninsula's longest caves and accessible to adventure cavers, likewise Gua Wang Burma. In Pahang there are the Charas Caves. The caves at Kota Gelanggi and Gunung Senyum. have been developed for tourism. There are caves in Taman Negara and Kenong Rimba. Kedah, Kelantan and Terengganu all have caves worthy of a visit. Many foreign spelaeologists come to Malaysia to document the caves and study the fauna etc. In Kedah, the Langkawi islands have been listed as a Geopark . Langkawi is now the world's 52nd Geopark and the first in Southeast Asia, following its listing in the UNESCO Global Network of Geoparks on June 1 2007. However in July 2008 it was announced that the name "Langkawi, the Jewel of Kedah" would replace "Langkawi Geopark".Few caves are protected unless they come under the protection of a state park, or forest reserve, or are used as a recognised temple. Some that do have protection are those in the Perlis State Park, in Taman Negara, in Kenong Rimba Park, Gunung Senyum Recreational Park and the Dabong caves in the Gunung Stong State Park.

Caving Guide

• Always take a reliable guide, who can be hired from the National Parks or fromcaving clubs. Many of Malaysia's caves are unmapped and not even an experienced caver should go exploring alone. Groups of four are optimum.
• Although some operators offer cave diving, it is a highly specialized sport and should only be undertaken by professional divers and cavers.
• Always check equipment before venturing into a cave especially when abseiling.
  Experienced cavers recommend a maximum of eight hours in a cave at a stretch but mast caves take less than three hours to' explore.
• Plan how much lighting you will need. One kilogram of carbide will give enough illumination far approximately six to' eight hours.
• Cavers should always carry back-up torches and extra batteries.
• Heart patients and those suffering from claustrophobia should limit themselves to' show caves where guides take in groups of 20 to' 40 people., Cavers should be free from allergies related to limestone and bat guano.
  

Perlis State

Gua Kelam (Kelam Cave)

One of the most distinctive caves in Malaysia is a 370-metre long limestone cave near the small town of Kaki Bukit (literally 'foot hill') called Gua Kelam (Cave of Darkness). Located about 33km north of Kangar, the state capital, Gua Kelam Recreational Park is popular for its enchanting 'cave walk' where you can enter from one end of the cave and come out at a different location.
The only path to the cave is via an eight-foot wide wooden suspension bridge. This bridge links Kaki Bukit to the Wan Tangga Valley, a valley on the opposite end of Gua Kelam. Back in 1935, an Englishman saw the water pathway as a brilliant method to transport tin ore from a mine located near the stream entrance through the underground cavern to Kaki Bukit.
Now, locals and tourists make their way through the cave via a brightly lit wooden walkway inside the cave. You can still find remnants of the tin mine operation within the cave. As you make your way through the cave, the whispers of a swirling dark subterranean stream, together with the squeaking bats and dripping water from the stalactites, form a concerto of natural sounds. It sounds a bit spooky, but adds to the mystery of a cave that was was once the home of Stone Age men.

Perak State

Gua Tempurung (Tempurung Cave)
Believed to have existed since 8000 B.C., Gua Tempurung is probably the largest natural limestone cave in Malaysia. Situated about 24 km fron Ipoh, the cave stretches for 1.5 km and is made up of five hugh domes whose ceilings resemble coconut shells. Each dome has different formations of stalagmites and stalacties as well as differing temperature, water levels, content of limestone and marble.

Pahang State

Taman Negara (National Park)

At Kuala Tahan. Taman Negara, or the National Park, boasts of jungles that date back millions of year, making them older than those of the Congo or Amazon. With 4,343 sq km of luxuriant tropical rain forest, the park is a heaven for adventurers. Picturesque trails, giant trees, limestone caves, excellent fishing spots, exciting river trips and ample jungle trekking trails offer a multitude of such adventure opportunities. The park’s canopy walk which is 25 metres high and over 400 metres long is the world’s longest. As it lies on the top layer of vegetation in a forest, you will have an extraordinary view of the plant and animal species found there. Wildlife observation can be done from observation hides built around the many salt-licks. Mountain climbing buffs would enjoy scalling Gunung Tahan, which at 2,187 metres is the highest mountain in Peninsular Malaysia. River trips are an enjoyable activity within the park, especially those involving shooting the rapids. For the less stalwart, there are meandering cruises that let you enjoy the surrounding scenery at a leisurely pace. Fishing is best done in February, march, July and August, and it takes two days to reach the best fishing areas located along Sungai Tahan near Lata Berkoh and Sungai Kenyam. Camping grounds in verdant surroundings are to be found in the park. Accommodation at the park is available in the Rest House, chalets and a hostel, all fitted with basic utilities. Hotels here are:

Taman Negara Resort (Tel: 609-2663500/ Fax: 609-2661500)
Nusa Camp Holiday Village Sdn. Bhd. (Tel: 609-2662369/ Fax: 609-2664369)
Teresek View Village (Tel: 609-2663065)
Ekoton Chalet (Tel: 609-2669897)

Kenong Rimba Park

At Lipis. Kenong Rimba Park is situated in natural surroundings with cascading waterfalls, clear mountain stream and a variety of flora and fauna. The merry chirping of birds will create an atnosphere which is really difficult to express in words. It offers great adventure, such as exploring limestone caves, swimming in the river and camping. Challenging hiking trails interspersed with protruding rocks and untouched natural surroundings is a haven for adventure lovers. Within the Kenong Rimba Park, these are several caves (gua) to explore. These are Gua Batu Telungkup, Gua Hijau and Gua Harimau. The caves, situated approximately 122-152 metres above sea level, are a natural habitat for a range of flora and nature’s other marvels. For nature lovers, a stop at Kenong Rimba Park is a must. It is a perfect hideout for bird watchers, campers, anglers, trekkers and swimmers. Hotels here are:

Persona Rimba Resort (Tel: 609-3125032/ Fax: 609-3121421)
Lipis Centre Point Hotel (Tel: 609-3122688/ Fax: 609-3122689)
Lipis Inn Hotel (Tel: 609-3125588/ Fax: 609-3125588)

Kota Gelanggi

Located in Jerantut. One of the highlights for visitors to this area is exploring the Kota Gelanggi Cave. Explore the 150 milion year old historical and mythical cave complex and its unique fauna, flora and rock formations. The magnificent cave chambers are among the best in this region. Visitors will be able to experience what tropical limestone caverns are all about, with their myriads stalagmites and stalactites and strangely shaped formations. Hotel here are:

Tekam Plantation Resort (Tel: 609-4718300/ Fax: 609-4718253)

Gunung Senyum Caves (Senyum Mountain Cave)

Located in Temerloh. The Gunung Senyum Caves consists of at least 20 caves, which are fascinating to explore. While cave exploration and camping in the shade of tropical foliage are common activities, scientific research is also gaining in popularity among students and scientists. Cave explorers must be prepared for the smell of bats, limestone rocks and the sighting of strange creatures and insects. Hotels here are:

Tekam Plantation Resort (Tel: 609-4718300/ Fax: 609-4718253)
Seri Malaysia Hotel Temerloh (Tel: 609-2965776,5779,5787/ Fax: 609-2965711)

Tekam Plantation Resort

Located in Jerantut. Nestled in tranquility in the green forests near Jerantut is the Tekam Plantation Resort, comprising chalets, dining facilities for travellers as well as conventions. Visitors can also arrange for special trips and adventure tours to various places of interest. One of the highlights of the stay at the Resort is the Plantation Tour, which take visitors on an educational visit to places such as the Kota Gelanggi Caves, Gunung Senyum Caves as well as surrounding rubber and oil palm plantations. The best time to visit the area is during the fruit season from July to September, when local fruits such as ‘durians’ and ‘rambutans’ are plentiful. The Resort provides facilities such as tennis and takraw, mini market, water sports and cafeteria. Hotels here are:

Tekam Plantation Resort (Tel: 609-4718300/ Fax: 609-4718253)


Sabah State

Gomantong Caves (Sandakan)
For centuries, the caves in this limestone outcrop, once accessible by a stream off the Kinabatangan River, have been harvested for their valuable edible birds nests. Harvesting continues to this day, although it is regulated by the Wildlife Department to avoid over-exploitation.

Two cave complexes produc different types of nests, the less valuable ‘black’ nests which consist of hardened saliva mixed with feathers, gathered in the easily accessible Simud Hitam Cave. This cave, with its roof soaring up to 90 metres high, is just a five-minutes walk from the Registration Centre and picnic area, and gives visitors a glimpse of the remarkable life within a limestone cave. Swiftlets, who make the valuable nests, and bats share the caves with thousands of insects which live in the rich guano on the floor.

The Simud Puteh Cave complex, much larger and less easily accessible than Simud Hitam Cave, is where the more valuable ‘white’ nests made of pure saliva are found; these can fetch more than US$500 per kilo. Twice a year, licensed collectors gather the nest in a dangerous operation involving the use of rattan ladders, ropes and poles. The nest are first harvested just after the birds have made them (between February and April). The birds then build new nests, which are left undisturbed until after the eggs have been laid and hatched; these nests are then gathered, some time between July and September. The birdlife around the caves is particularly rich, with Crested Serpent Eagles, Kingfishers, Asian Fairy Bluebirds and Leafbirds often sighted. Large groups of vividly coloured butterflies are frequently found feeding on along the road leading through the forest into the caves.

Selangor State

Batu Caves

Batu Caves is one of Malaysia's most famous tourist destinations. Every year hundreds of thousands of Hindu devotees congregate here for the colourful Thaipusam festival.
Batu Caves is one of Malaysia's most famous tourist destinations especially for the colourful Thaipusam festival. This attracts up to 800,000 devotees and spectators; the highlight is seeing devotees in a trance carry kavadi , a metal frame attached to the body. Rising almost 100m above the ground, Batu Caves actually consists of three main caves and a few smaller ones. The biggest, referred to as the Temple Cave, has a 100m-high ceiling, and features ornate Hindu shrines. To reach it, visitors have to climb a steep flight of 272 steps.

Below the Temple Cave is the Dark Cave, with its amazing rock formations and a number of animals found nowhere else. Stalactites jutting from the cave's ceiling and stalagmites rising from the floor form intricate formations such as cave curtains, flow stones, cave pearls and scallops which took thousands of years to form. The Malaysian Nature Society organises regular educational and adventure trips to the Dark Caves .
The other main cave is the Art Gallery Cave located at the foot of the steps. Statues and wall paintings depicting Hindu deities and mythology are displayed here. The walk to the entrance is itself quite a pleasant experience through a lake and ponds filled with hundreds of colourful fish.

Sarawak State

Mulu Cave

The Gunung Mulu National Park is situated close to the southern border of Brunei with Malaysia, about 100km east-southeast of the town of Miri and 100km due south of Bandar Seri Begawan, Brunei. It lies between the headwaters of the Tutuh River, a tributary of the Baram River and covers 544km2, ranging in elevation from 50 meters to 2,376 meters. The park is important for its high biodiversity and unique karst (limestone) features. Besides that, it contains seventeen vegetation zones, exhibiting some 3,500 species of vascular plants. It was first constituted on 3 October 1974 but only opened to public in 1985.

The climate here is determined by the Indo-Australian monsoon system. From December to March, it will encounter the wet northeast monsoon and the slightly drier southwest monsoon from May to October. Generally, rainfall is high here with seasonal averages ranging from 4,000 to 5,000mm. Temperatures in the Melinau lowlands range from 23ºC to 26ºC and at Gunung Mulu between 14ºC to 18ºC.


The Park has three mountains, Gunung Mulu 2,376m, Gunung Api 1,750m and Gunung Benarat 1,585m. Many of Mulu’s attractions lie deep below the surface. Hidden right underneath the forested slopes of these mountains is one of the largest limestone cave systems in the world. The Park has a number of world record-breaking caves such as the Sarawak Chamber - largest cave chamber in the world, Deer Cave - largest cave passage and the Clearwater Cave - longest cave in Southeast Asia. There are at least 300km more of explored caves, which provides a spectacular sight. These caves are also home to millions of cave swiftlets and bats.

The oldest of Mulu's caves started to form about 5 million years ago when sideways earth movements resulted in the formation of both limestone and sandstone mountains, lying side by side. Millions of years of heavy rain and the action of rivers and running water carved out the vast subterranean system that exists today. The weathering process still continues; dripping water creates new rock features, limestone is slowly worn away, and underground rivers carve and sculpt the caves, transporting limestone debris to the cave mouth or redistributing it within the system.

There are seventeen vegetation zones, which have been recognized, and over 3,500 plant species recorded and 1,500 flowering plants identified.

Gunung Massive, lowland dipterocarp forest occurs up to an altitude of 800 meters and 284 tree species have been recorded. Between 800 meters to 1,200 meters, Quercus Subsericea dominates the lower montane forest. Upper motane forest displaces between 1,200 meters to 2,177 meters where small tree and shrub layer can be found like Rhododendron and Vaccinium and some other pitcher plants like Nepenthes lowii, N. tentaculata and N.muluensis.

Limestone forest occurs on the Melinau Limestone Formation, which includes limestone forest; limestone cliff vegetation, lowland limestone montane forest, upper motane limestone forest and limestone cave vegetation. Many endemic calcerous species are represented in this area; the limestone flora is one of the most diverse and best preserved in Southeast Asia.

The alluvial plain in the park comprises of lowland alluvial forest, tropical heath forest, peat swamp and riparian forest. It is the most complex vegetation formation in the park. Some emergent species attain a height of forty meters, with maximum girths of 250m.
Gunung Mulu National Park is also considered to be one of the richest sites in the world for palms, with approximately 111 species and 20 genera recorded. These are Wild sago palm, which occurs on the steep slopes of Gunung Mulu; Iguanura melinauensis and Licuala Lanata are endemic to the alluvial plain; Calamus Neilsonii and Salacca are endemic to the limestone.

About 1,700 species of liverworts and mosses have been recorded. Examples of endemic mosses to the park include Hypnodendron beccarii and H. vitiense. The very rare bogmoss can also be found in rain gullies in the high forest. There are also a great number of spore producing plants, occurring in the park. To date 442 species have been identified, many of which are ferns. In addition 4,000 species of fungi have been recorded.Fauna species, including 81 mammalian species were found. Important mammal species such as the Malayan Pangolin and 2 species of endemic Borneo squirrels; the tufted ground squirrel and the plain pigmy squirrel have been identified in the park. The Savi pigmy shrew, the smallest mammal in the world, weighing only 2 grams is also found. Other than that, 28 species of bats have been recorded, which is one of the highest numbers in South East Asia. The largest colonies of free tailed bats, wrinkle-lipped bats can be found in Deer Cave including 12 different bat species, the Lesser tailless round leaf and the Orange-tube nosed bat that have not been seen anywhere else in Borneo.

The Park also recorded 270 bird species where out of the 29 endemic Borneo species, 26 have been recorded. There are 8 of Borneo’s hornbill species have been identified including the wrinkled hornbill. Other species include Bulwer’s Pheasant, crested fire back pheasant, Storm’s stork, and the Bamboo muni which is endemic to Borneo and has only been found in Mulu and Kinabalu

A total number of 25 snake species have been identified. This include regal python, reed snake and poisonous snakes like the banded-coral snake, the red headed krait and the white-spotted cat snake. Two-thirds of all known amphibian species occurring in Borneo can be found at the nominated site, including Wallace’s flying frog and the significance is the Philautus that only breeds in the fluid of the pitcher plant and 27 species of lizard have been identified.

Niah Cave

Although it is one of Sarawak’s smallest national parks, it is certainly one of the most important and unusual attractions to visitors. What is most interesting about Niah is that one of the main claims to fame is the birthplace of civilization in the region. The oldest modern human remains in Southeast Asia along with many other relics of prehistoric man were discovered about 40,000 years ago, making the park one of the most important archaeological sites in the world.

The park has a size of 3,140 hectares of forest and limestone karst areas. It was first gazetted as a National Historic Monument in 1958 and on 23 November 1974 was gazetted as National Park and open to public on 1 January 1975.
In 1958, a discovery was made which confirmed Niah as a site of major archaeological significance. Led by Tom Harrison, he and his team unearthed a skull at the West Mouth of the Great Cave, which was estimated to be 40,000 years old. It was the skull of a modern human (Homo sapiens). Apart from that, plenty of human settlements in the area like tools, cooking utensils and ornaments, made of bone, stone or clay were found. These items found suggested that a long period of settlement reaching back into the palaeolithic era (the earliest part of the Stone Age).

Besides that, the Sungei Subis (Subis river) flows along the park's western border. Not forgetting a large, almost vertical limestone massif, Gunung Subis (Mount Subis), which rises from the plain little above sea level and covers about 60% of the area? The limestone was originally formed as a coral reef in the Lower Miocene. Later it was uplifted and modified by faulting and erosion.

There are several hundred caves within the park boundaries. The two most interesting and famous ones are Gua Niah (Niah Great Cave) and Kain Hitam (Painted Cave). Both are immense archaeological interest and have been declared as National Historical Monuments.
The accessible way to the Caves is via a raised plank walk that winds through lowland forest vibrant with birds and butterflies. Today the Cave is home only to bats, swiftlets and other specially adapted forms of life. However, a few locals still venture into the dark interior to collect guano (bird and bat droppings used as fertilizer) and bird's nest.
Apart from the Caves, visitors can explore several kilometers of forest trails to feel the richness of tropical rainforests, climb a 400m tall limestone ridge or visit an Iban longhouse located near the Park boundary. Visitors can also rent a boat or walk along the river from Park headquarters to Batu Niah town.

It is worth taking your time and walking quietly along the way, as you may well see some of the park's wildlife. If you leave the Great cave and return along the plank walk around clouds intermingling, you can see half a million of swiftlets are returning to their nests, whilst half a million bats fly out to forage in the forest. This is one of Niah's most spectacular sights which represent only a small niche in the earth complex ecosystem. One of Niah's other notable sights is the unusual number of luminous fungi that growth at dark night.

Colourful birds, squirrels, lizards, butterflies and all manner of unusual insects and invertebrates are commonly seen. Cave creature like Cave Spider, Cave Cockroaches, Cave Bats, cave snake and frogs. If you are lucky, you may see monkeys, flying lizards and the occasionally hornbill.

Economy (General)

Malaysia implements duty free but control economy system. In this economic system any individual or organisation is free to carryout whatever economic activities as long as they are not going against the rules. However, there are certain sectors that are still under control by the government such Health Education Services, Welfare, Rescue Unit and others to look after the important thing of the country and civilian generally. As an alternative institution such as private Education, private Hospital and others are still been implemented.

In the year 2000, Malaysia KDNK is 85 billion. This rate mean increases before Malaysia faced the downfall of the economic in the year 1997 that is about 8% per year. In the year 2003, Malaysia mean is expected to increase as much as 3%. Malaysia consumer price index in the year 2000 is 1.5. Malaysia per capital GNI (Current prices) (RM) is about RM 12,000.
After the year 1980’s, the economy will gradually change from depending to the raw commodity such as rubber, oil palms and cocoa rubber to the type of industrial economy. Ever since 1990’s, the main contribution to Malaysia KDNK is through electronic industry, tourism and others.

However, the economic sector is important and is being preserve to decrease the clinging to the specifically imported raw commodity as to become an alternative if Malaysia ever face problems in the industrial field. Therefore it contributes to the existence of industrious economic system. Malaysia is among the world’s largest producers of rubber, tin, palm oil, timber, pepper and petroleum. Tourism, too, is emerging as a major revenue earner.

Malaysia is a growing and relatively open economy. In 2007, the economy of Malaysia was the 29th largest economy in the world by purchasing power parity with gross domestic product for 2007 was estimated to be $357.9 billion with a growth rate of 5% to 7% since 2007. The Southeast Asian nation experienced an economic boom and underwent rapid development during the late 20th century and has a GDP per capita of $14,400, being considered a newly industrialized country. On the income distribution, there are 5.8 million households in 2007. Of that, 8.6% have an monthly income below RM1,000, 29.4% had between RM1,000 and RM2,000, while 19.8% earned between RM2,001 and RM3,000; 12.9% of the households earned between RM3,001 and RM4,000 and 8.6% between RM4,001 and RM5,000. Finally, around 15.8% of the households have an income of between RM5,001 and RM10,000 and 4.9% have an income of RM10,000 and above.As one of three countries that control the Strait of Malacca, international trade plays a large role in its economy.[5] At one time, it was the largest producer of tin, rubber and palm oil in the world. Manufacturing has a large influence in the country's economy
Since it became independent, Malaysia's economic record has been one of Asia's best. Real gross domestic product (GDP) grew by an average of 6.5% per year from 1957 to 2005. Performance peaked in the early 1980s through the mid-1990s, as the economy experienced sustained rapid growth averaging almost 8% annually. High levels of foreign and domestic investment played a significant role as the economy diversified and modernized. Once heavily dependent on primary products such as rubber and tin, Malaysia today is a middle-income country with a multi-sector economy based on services and manufacturing. Malaysia is one of the world's largest exporters of semiconductor devices, electrical goods, and information and communication technology (ICT) products.
The government continues to actively manage the economy. Malaysia's New Economic Policy (NEP), first established in 1971, was a 10-year plan that sought to rectify a situation whereby ethnic Malays and indigenous peoples (“bumiputera”), who comprised nearly 60% of the population, held less than 3% of the nation’s wealth. Policy makers implemented a complex network of racial preferences intended to promote the acquisition of economic assets by bumiputera. In 1981 when the racial preferences were set to expire, the government extended the NEP for another 10 years, stating that its goals had not been achieved. The policies again were extended in 1991 and in 2001.
The Malaysian economy went into sharp recession in 1997-1998 during the Asian financial crisis, which affected countries throughout the region, including South Korea, Indonesia, and Thailand. Malaysia's GDP contracted by more than 7% in 1998. Malaysia narrowly avoided a return to recession in 2001 when its economy was negatively impacted by the bursting of the dot-com bubble (which hurt the ICT sector) and slow growth or recession in many of its important export markets.
In July 2005, the government removed the 7-year old peg linking the ringgit's value to the U.S. dollar at an exchange rate of RM 3.8/U.S. $1.0. The dollar peg was replaced by a managed float against an undisclosed basket of currencies. The new exchange rate policy was designed to keep the ringgit more broadly stable and to avoid uncertain currency swings which could harm exports. The Malaysian financial system has exhibited noteworthy resilience to the 2008 global financial crisis. Malaysian banks are well capitalized and have no measurable exposure to the U.S. sub-prime market. The central bank maintains high levels of foreign exchange reserves and a conservative regulatory environment, having prohibited some of the riskier assets in vogue elsewhere. However, decreasing demand in the U.S. and elsewhere is taking a toll on Malaysian exports, resulting in slower economic growth going forward.

Climate (General)

Malaysia has a tropical, humid climate with temperatures averaging 86°F (30°C), though it is cooler in the highland areas. The major change in seasons is marked by the arrival of the monsoons that bring heavy downpours on the east coast of Peninsula Malaysia, the northeastern part of Sabah and the western end of Sarawak (from November to February). Boat trips to the islands do not run during the height of the monsoon. The best time to visit Malaysia is between April and October.
Malaysia Major Town Weather
Malaysia Major Town Forecast
Malaysia Weather Satellite Map

Camping (General)

Kedah State

Lata Mengkuang and Sik Recreational Forest

Surrounded by the hills and mountains of Sik, 72 km southeast of Alor Setar offer the adventurous spirit a blissful retreat from the everyday world. This area is ideal for hiking and camping amidst surroundings.

Johor State

Gunung Pulai Recreational forest

This 8 hectares forest reserve is a catchment area, unique flora and fauna sanctuary and a fascinating recreational haven. There are several waterfalls with pools at its bottom. Apart from being an ideal picnic spot, the forest is a venue for seminars, workcamp and jungle trekking to the summit of Gunung Pulai.

Ledang Mountain Recreational Forest

It is a recreational forest, the site of Johor’s highest mountain, Gunung Ledang (Ledang Mountain). Trekkers can climb to the summit of the mountain and camp at the Sagil Waterfall. According to legend, Gunung Ledang was the homes of a Johor princess who was wooed by the Sultan of Melaka in 15th century.

Gunung Arong Recreational Forest

This forest of towering and shady trees and natural setting offer a refreshing retreat for visitors. There are popular picnic spots by the riverside, a garden and a well-equipped playground. Other facilities include rest shades, dressing room, and toilet and treetop huts. Jungle trails are also provided for the more adventurous visitors.

Gunung Lambak Recreational Forest

Located at the foothill of Gunung Lambak, this recreational forest is a favourite retreat for picnics, bathing and mountain climbing. The 510 m high Gunung Lambak is accessible by footpaths provided. Facilities including car park, benches, rest shade, dressing room, toilets and bridge leading to campsites are provided.

Gunung Belumut Recreational Forest

Lush greenery and ravishing wilderness await visitors. It is a haven for camping, picnics and mountain climbing. Gunung Belumut promises exotic vegetation and breathtaking waterfalls.

Gunung Panti Recreational Forest

This recreational forest is a haven for those who like to camp. Facilities including campsites and temporary accommodation are provided for visitors. Rare species of flora and fauna can be found here.

Perak State

Banding Resort

The Banding Resort, 35 km from Grik, is the ideal place for fishing enthusiast and those who really want to get away from it all. This remote resort covers 103.6 hectares next to the Temenggor lake at the mid-point of the East-West highway. The lake delivers fish of generous proportions and there is ample opportunity for trekking, camping and picnicking. At present, there is a modern restaurant and rest house, which provides comfortable accommodation. Plans are underway for expansion and improvement of the existing facilities. More information: 011-329027

For reservations: 03-2423697 (Kuala Lumpur), 05-6835495 (Lumut), 05-6991100 (Pulau Pangkor).

Pahang State

Taman Negara (National Park)

At Kuala Tahan. Taman Negara, or the National Park, boasts of jungles that date back millions of year, making them older than those of the Congo or Amazon. With 4,343 sq km of luxuriant tropical rain forest, the park is a heaven for adventurers. Picturesque trails, giant trees, limestone caves, excellent fishing spots, exciting river trips and ample jungle trekking trails offer a multitude of such adventure opportunities. The park’s canopy walk, which is 25 metres high and over 400 metres long, is the world’s longest. As it lies on the top layer of vegetation in a forest, you will have an extraordinary view of the plant and animal species found there. Wildlife observation can be done from observation hides built around the many salt licks. Mountain climbing buffs would enjoy scaling Gunung Tahan, which at 2,187 metres is the highest mountain in Peninsular Malaysia. River trips are an enjoyable activity within the park, especially those involving shooting the rapids. For the less stalwart, there are meandering cruises that let you enjoy the surrounding scenery at a leisurely pace. Fishing is best done in February, march, July and August, and it takes two days to reach the best fishing areas located along Sungai Tahan near Lata Berkoh and Sungai Kenyam. Camping grounds in verdant surroundings are to be found in the park. Accommodation at the park is available in the Rest House, chalets and a hostel, all fitted with basic utilities. Hotels here are:

Taman Negara Resort (Tel: 609-2663500/ Fax: 609-2661500)

Nusa Camp Holiday Village Sdn. Bhd. (Tel: 609-2662369/ Fax: 609-2664369)

Teresek View Village (Tel: 609-2663065)

Ekoton Chalet (Tel: 609-2669897)

Kenong Rimba Park

At Lipis. Kenong Rimba Park is situated in natural surroundings with cascading waterfalls, clear mountain stream and a variety of flora and fauna. The merry chirping of birds will create an atnosphere, which is really difficult to express in words. It offers great adventure, such as exploring limestone caves, swimming in the river and camping. Challenging hiking trails interspersed with protruding rocks and untouched natural surroundings is a haven for adventure lovers. Within the Kenong Rimba Park, these are several caves (gua) to explore. These are Gua Batu Telungkup, Gua Hijau and Gua Harimau. The caves, situated approximately 122-152 metres above sea level, are a natural habitat for a range of flora and nature’s other marvels. For nature lovers, a stop at Kenong Rimba Park is a must. It is a perfect hideout for bird watchers, campers, anglers, trekkers and swimmers. Hotels here are:

Persona Rimba Resort (Tel: 609-3125032/ Fax: 609-3121421)

Lipis Centre Point Hotel (Tel: 609-3122688/ Fax: 609-3122689)

Lipis Inn Hotel (Tel: 609-3125588/ Fax: 609-3125588)

Gunung Tapis Park

At Kuantan. About 16 km away from Sungai Lembing is Gunung Tapis (Tapis Mountain), a beautiful nature park. Excellent camping spots can be found in a number of areas. Although still in the early stages of development, Gunung Tapis offers a number of activities. You can shoot rapids on one of the several rivers, or fish for the delectable ‘Ikan Kelah’ (tortambroides duronesis). The park also abounds with hot springs and wildlife. If you plan to stay overnight, camping and survival equipment are recommended. Prior arrangements for a visit to the park can be made with the Persona Adventure Camp. Hotels here are:

Persona Adventure Camp (Tel: 609-5135566/ Fax: 609-5130510)


Sabah State

Tawau Hills Park

The lush forests of the Tawau Hills in the east coast of Sabah serves as an important water catchment area for Tawau and Semporna. The area was gazetted as a National Park to protect the natural environment with its unique flora and fauna and to ensure an uninterrupted water supply for the region. Rugged volcanic terrain covers the natural landscape, in sharp contrast to the neatly cultivated plantations of oil palm, cocoa and rubber on the flat coastal plains. It covers an area of 27,972 hectares.

Flora and fauna

Lush dipterocarp forest vegetation and lianas cover the lower regions giving way to thick damp mossy forests as the altitude gets higher and temperature get cooler. The variety of plant life found within the park include Agathis, Mountain ru, Tree ferns, different species of orchids and begonia. A particularly interesting species is the Mengaris tree whose smooth grey trunk makes it particularly difficult to climb. Wild bees protect their precious store of honey from the voracious honey bears, by making their honeycombs high up these trees. Macaques, creamy white leaf monkeys, giant tree squirrels, civet cats and leopard cats inhabit the park’s dense primary forests. Borneo’s largest wild cat-the clouded leopard, through rarely seen is not uncommon. It preys on smaller mammals such as rats and even bigger wild pigs. Other inhabitants of the harmless kind include hornbills and pheasants and the slow-moving forest tortoise.

Planning an itinerary

Cool strams meandering through a lush tropical forest setting and waterfalls cascading excitingly into frothing rocky pools down below, make it an ideal location for picnics and refreshing dips-away from the stress and strains of everyday life. There are also hotsprings-Mother Nature’s very own spa, where you can ease your tired muscles and weary bones while luxuriant in the the therapeutic warmth of the ‘geotermal’ pool.

Beaches (General)

Kedah State (Beaches)

Langkawi

Langkawi has natural beauty of its pristine, white and sandy beaches are attractions in themselves. Pantai Cenang (Cenang Beach), Pantai Tengah (Tengah Beach), Pantai Kok (Kok Beach), Rebak Marina and Tanjung Rhu are just some of the fabulous unspoiled beaches that spread along the island’s coastline. It is Langkawi’s liveliest beach, with rows of international class hotels and as well as budget chalets. Swimming, jet skiing, wind surfing, sailing and boating are the activities that can be pursued here. Situated amidst lush tropical greenery at Pantai Kok, the Summer Palace Langkawi is one of the island’s latest attractions. In 1999, 20th Century Fox commissioned the construction of this magnificent and expensive movie set for the making of the film ‘Anna and the King’. Built almost entirely of local timbers by Malaysian and foreign artisans, the Summer Palace resembles a traditional Thai Palace. The palace encompasses an area of 675 square meters and stands 16.6 meters high. A part from the original movie set, a restaurant, souvenir shops and pavilion has been added. Open: 9am-10pm (daily). Admission: RM3.5 (adult), RM2 (child).

Pantai Merdeka (Merdeka Beach)

It is Kedah’s favourite beach on the mainland. It is situated in the Kuala Muda district, which is 30 km from Sungai Petani, 60 km south of Alor Setar or 40 km from Butterworth. Boats can be hired to visit the offshore islands of Pulau Bidan (Bidan Island), Pulau Telur (Telur Island) and Pulau Songsang (Songsang Island). This beach is shaded by tall swaying palms, under which one may spend leisurely hours – picnicking or just lazing the hours away, water skiing and sailing are also popular along this stretch of coastal water.

Johor State (Beaches)

Lido Beach

This sun-drenched beach of Johor Bahru, stretching over 7 km provides city tourists a variety of water adventures from canoeing, sailing to cruising.

Desaru

Located 98 km northeast of Johor Bahru, covers a 26 km stretch of beach. All kinds of sports, from snorkelling, swimming and canoeing, jungle-trekking to golfing can be enjoyed here. Three top-class hotels are already established at Desaru, offering impressive resort facilities for the above activities. Desaru offers almost every type of accommodation to travellers, from low-budget campsites for the more adventurous travellers, chalets for families to luxurious hotel rooms.


Melaka or Malacca State (Beaches)

Tanjung Bidara Beach

It is located about 35 km from town of Malacca. Enjoy the gentle beauty and miles of clean sandy beaches. It is ideal for swimming, water skiing and canoeing.

Kundur Beach

For the adventurous wanting to experience life in a traditional Malay fishing village, Kundur Beach, about 17 km north of Malacca, is good choice. Here, visitors can spend a night in ‘kelong’, a wooden house on stilts.

Perak State (Beach)

Teluk Batik (Batik Bay)

About 6.5 km from Lumut lays Teluk Batik, a favourite spot for campers, picnickers, swimmers and sun-lovers. The stretches of white sandy beach are ideal for whatever activity of inactivity you have in mind. You can rent rooms and chalets along the beach at bargain prices. For reservation, Tel: 05-683 5554.

Pantai Puteri Dewi (Golden sands)

This beautiful beach paradise was named Pantai Puteri Dewi (literally, Beach of the Lovely Princess). Pan Pacific Resort Pangkor (05-6851399) along this stretch of beach offers elegant accommodation with 161 rooms, a sports hall, a golf course, convention rooms, and facilities for snorkelling and windsurfing.

Pasir Bogak (Bogak Sands)

Here, the shallow crystal-clear water enables you to frolic in the water along the vast coral reef. Accommodation ranges from hotels, government rest house to budget-wise attap huts.


Pahang State (Beach)

Cherating Beach

Located in Kuantan. To many, this name is synonymous with Club Med. This is natural because Aisa’s first Club Med is located here. Actually, only a small part of the beach is administered by this world famous club, the rest is a populated area offering excellent beaches. Situated only 47 km from Kuantan, its unique features are the rustic atmosphere and the warm hospitality of the village folk. Cherating also offers you the chance to shop for handicraft and see cultural performances. Village maidens nimbly weave the pandanus leaves into mats, hats, bags and other inexpensive lightweight souvenirs. Cultural shows include ‘wayang kulit’ (shadow play) and silat (the Malay art of self-defence).

Balok Beach

Located in Kuantan. Balok Beach is about 15 km north of Kuantan and is a paradise for avid wind-surfers. Most of the activities revolve around the many international class resorts and hotels located at the beach, forming the perfect getaway for visitors to the East Coast of the Peninsular. Truly perfect and serene with soothing tropical breezes, swaying casuarinas, unending white sand in harmony with the azure blue sea, indeed, relaxation is never easier. Hotels here are:

Le Village Beach Resort (Tel: 609-5447900/ Fax: 609-5447800)

De’ Rhu Beach Resort (Tel: 609-5579000/ Fax: 609-5579002)

Peranginan Tamu Kami (Tel: 609-5839090/ Fax: 5837061)

Muara Beach Resort (Tel: 609-5834544/ Fax: 609-5834144)

Swiss Garden Resort (Tel: 609-5447333/ Fax: 609-5449555)


Teluk Chempedak Beach

Located in Kuantan. This delightful beach, only 5 km from the town of Kuantan, is the site of several world class hotels. At Teluk Chempedak Beach, the scene is alive with hawker stalls, resort hotels, trinket stalls, restaurants, and snack bars. It is an excellent beach for water sports activities like sailing, surfing, skiing and sunbathing. A short trek through the Teluk Cempedak Forest Reserve is idyllic Pelindung Beach. If you are game to more jungle trekking, there’s an alternative route leading to the mini-zoo. Hotel here are:

Hyatt Hotel Kuantan (Tel: 609-5661234/ Fax: 609-5677577)


Beserah Beach

Located in Kuantan. Beserah is a fishing village and is well known for salted fish. But what many people do not know is a very unique practice of the Beserah fisherman: they employ water buffaloes (which are not normally seen on the beach for they are always used to plough padi fields or to pull heavy carts), to transport fish from the boats to the processing area. Beserah is situated 10 km from Kuantan. A batik factory and many cottage handicraft workshops producing items made mostly of sea shells and local plant materials (dried nuts, leaves) can be found in Beserah. Hotels here are:

Duta Sands Resort (Tel: 609-5448101/ Fax: 609-5448291)

Gloria Maris Resort (Tel: 609-5447788/ Fax: 609-5447619)

Chendor Beach

Located in Kuantan. About 10 km from cherating is the famous Chendor Beach. Here, from early July to September, you can watch green turtles or occasionally giant leatherback turtles toil ashore to lay eggs. It’s a ritual worth experiencing. Besides the turtles, Chendor Beach offers some fine bathing spots. Its irresistible appeal also lies in the peace and seclusion you will enjoy at this resort.

Rompin/ Lanjut Beach

Located in Rompin. Lanjut Beach, meanwhile, is one of the most beautiful unspoilt beaches on the southern coast of Pahang. The new Lanjut golden Beach Resort is ideally located where hotels and chalets are easily avaulable, in fast-developing Rompin district. Fishing for freshwater prawns is a popular outdoor activity in the many rivers found in the district. Kuala Rompin is also a gateway to Tioman Island, as well to the newly opened Endau-Rompin State Park. Hotels here are:

Lanjut Golden Beach Resort (Tel: 609-4145113/ Fax: 609-4145112)

Seri Malaysia Hotel Rompin (Tel/ Fax: 609-4132732)

Rompin Beach Resort (Tel: 609-4141367/ Fax: 609-4141366)

Summerset Resort (Tel: 609-4141888/ Fax: 609-4140888)


Sabah State (Beach)

Tanjung Aru Beach (Kota Kinabalu)

The Tanjung Aru Beach with its Prince Philip Park is just one of the many splendoured beaches in the West Coast. Tanjung Aru derives its name from the abundance of tall casuarinas or Aru trees that grace the shoreline in honour of the Consort of Queen Elizabeth II. There are countless magnificent beaches to explore and enjoy. While each one has a feel of paradise, there are always nearby hawker stalls offering mouth-watering cuisine while you soak in the wonders of the islands, especially the spectacular sunsets, which the area is known for.

Others beach

Most of the islands have attractive beaches.

Malaysia History

INTRODUCTION (General)

A unique nation in her own right, Malaysia is truly blessed by Mother Nature with a diverse and beautiful natural scenery in her possession. Malaysia offers visitor a wide variety of beaches, mountain, parks and unique slices of Malaysia tropical paradise. The climate is equable with no extremes. Amenities for good living abound – clean beaches offer swimming, clear water for skin diving and wonderful fishing, the hill country clean, cool air and there are championship golf courses. Moreover, this diversity spills well into her population mix, creating a little Asia within Malaysia. Malaysia population mainly Malays, Chinese, Indians, Kadazan, Dayaks, Iban, and numerous other minority groups has spawned a great many cultural and religious festivals earning Malaysia the title of "the land of festivals" and "the gourmands’s delights". It doesn’t stop there, this land of smiles and courtesy invites you to travel and discover this nation of many faces and races. While Thailand seems synonymous with glimmering temples, and Singapore is remembered as a bustling modern city with excellent shopping, Malaysia has a little bit of the best of what Southeast Asian countries have to offer. When you ask the regular visitors about name Malaysia conjures up in their minds and they will inevitably tell you the same thing – legendary islands, fascinating culture and traditions, treasures, pleasures, mystical, enchanting, crisp mountain air and frendly people. They will all be absolutely right. Malaysia is a fantastic and fascinating country.

HISTORY

Malaysia’s history has been one of continual interaction with foreign powers and influences because of its strategic position between the Indian Ocean and the South China Sea that has made it the meeting place for traders and travellers

Hindu-Buddhist influence was strong in the northwest before the coming of Islam. Archaelogical findings furnishes evidences of a Hindu-Buddhist ancient civilisation at Bujang Valley and Merbok Valley in Kedah dates back to around the first century BC

Then came the era of islamisation especially during the Melaka Sultanate, in 1400s. Traders from the Middle East and India sailed to this land, introducing Islam to the locals. The embrance of Islam by the Sultan of Melaka (Malacca) himself helped spread the new religions to more of its population acros the nation. The reign of the Sultanate also created trade ties with the kingdom of China.

By 1511, Malacca fell to the Portuguese, resulting in the fall of the sultanate. Together with their conquest, they brought in chatolic Christinity to the locals. Then in 1641 the Dutch took over and finally the British in 1815. The latter consolidated the hold on the Malay states following Francis Light in Penang in 1786.

Across the waters, British adventurer, James Brooke and his descendants ruled Sarawak since 1841. The Brooke family ruled Sarawak as the White Rajah, meaning the White King. Sabah became a British protectore under the Chartered Company of the British North Borneo.

In 1941, the Japanese ousted the British and ruled for about three years before their surrender to the Allied Force after atomic bombs were dropped in Nagasaki and Hiroshima.

After World War II, the British retuned to claim their supremacy but ran smack into the wall of nationalism erected by the local populations. Finally, independence was proclaimed on 31stAugust, 1957; namely, the Federation of Malaya. Later in 1963, Malaysia was formed with the admission of Sabah, Sarawak and Singapore, however withdrew herself from the Federation in 1965 to become an independent government.

Getting to Malaysia (General)

Malaysia has the most outstanding systematic infrastructure in Asia as far as air, land and sea. The mean of access systems that has been implemented not only accessible between other cities to another in the world but also to the main cities but also suburban and isolated area in Malaysia itself.

Road
The driving system is an interesting mode of seeing the country that link from the north to the south, east and west Malaysia. An overland journey to Malaysia Thailand and Singapore made easily driving through the North-South Expressway on the West coast and East-West highway to the East Coast. The hightway also links certain main towns in Sabah and Sarawak with other main cities in the rural area. The highway length is about 70,000 km. Car rental services are easily available. Buses, taxis and coaches, both interstate and local ply between various destinations. To drive on Malaysian road, you require a Malaysian Competent Driviong Licence, Probationary Driving Licence or an International driving Licence. To use a foreign licence, get it endorsed by the Road Transport Department. All vehicles move on the left-hand side of the road and that the use of safety belts by front pasengers is mandatory.

Air
Malaysia has six international airports are at Sepang in Selangor, Penang Island, Langkawi Island, Kota Kinabalu and Tawau in sabah, and Kuching in Sarawak.Malaysia is served by more than 35 airlines including Malaysia Airlines which services 94 international routes around the globe. In addItion to Malaysia Airlines (MAS), a number of other airlines including Pelangi Air, Berjaya air and Mofaz Air also provide regular domestic flights to the many tourists destinations and cities within the country. Malaysia airline systems that link with all of the main cities in the world, and main towns and rural area in Malaysia. The is about …. MAS destination. Malaysia has the second largest airport and the most sophisticated in Asia that is known as Kuala Lumpur International Airport (KLIA).

Rail
It is also possible to travel by rail within and to Malaysia via Thailand and Singapore. Malayan Railways or Keretapi Tanah Melayu Bhd (KTM) connects all the major towns in the peninsular. There is a luxury train service, the Eastern and Oriental Express, which makes a round trip from Singapore through Kuala Lumpur to Bangkok and return.


Sea
All popupar island destinations are not only served by air but also by ferries or hydrofoils. Ferry or hydrofoil services are available from mainland to the main island resorts of Langkawi, Penang, Pangkor and Tioman. Ferry services are also available from Changi Point, Singapore to Tanjung Belungkar in Desaru, johor.

ENTRY FORMALITIES
(DRUGS TRAFFICKING OR ILLEGAL DRUGD CARRIES DEATH PENALTY)

Visitors must be in possession of national passports or other internationally recognized travel documents, endorsed for travelling in Malaysia and with a period of validity of at least six months beyond the time of stay allowed in Malaysia.

Visitors on social and business visit purposes are to be guided by the following visa requirements:

Visa Exemption

No visas are required for citizens of Commonwealth countries (except Bangladesh, India, Pakistan and Sri Lanka), British Protected Persons or citizens of the Republic of Ireland and citizens of Switzerland, Netherlands, San Marino and Liechtenstein.

Three Months Visa Free Visit

Citizens of Albania, Austria, Algeria, Bahrain, Belgium, Czech Republic, Republic of Slovakia, Denmark, egypt, Finland, Germany, Hungary, Iceland, Italy, Japan, Jordan, Kuwait, Luxembourg, Lebanon, Morocco, Norway, North Yemen, Oman, Qatar, South Korea, Sweden, Saudi Arabia, Turkey, Tunisia, United States of America and United Arab Emirates are eligible for three months visa free visit.

One Month Vis Free Visit

It is applicable to all citizens of ASEAN country.

14-Days Visa Free Visit

Citizens of Afghanistan, Iran, Iraq, Syria and South Yemen are eligible for 14-days visa free visit.
7-Days Visa Free Visit

Applicable to citizens of Bulgaria, Romania and Russia

As regulations may change from time to time, it is advisable to check with the nearest Malaysian Embassy before your departure.


CUSTOMS FORMALITIES

Currency

Visitors entering Malaysia may bring in or take out any amount of currency

Dutiable and Non-Dutiable Goods

Some goods such as the following, imported by visitors are liable to duty: carpets, garments, clothing accessories, jewellery, chocolates, handbags, spirits, alcoholic beverages, tobacco and cigarettes. Visitors bringing in dutiable goods may have to pay a deposit for temporary importation, refunable on departure. The goods are to be presented at the time of departure at the point of exit together with the deposite receipts. Non-dutiable goods include cameras, watches, pens, lighters, perfumeries and cosmetics.

Health Regulations

Yellow Fever vaccination is required for all visitors coming from yellow fever infected areas or endemic zones except for children under 1 year of age.